Background information | |
---|---|
Birth name | Andre Louis Hicks |
Born | July 5, 1970 Oakland, California, U.S. |
Origin | Vallejo, California, U.S. |
Died | November 1, 2004 (aged 34) Kansas City, Missouri, U.S. |
Genres | Hip hop West Coast hip hop, gangsta rap (early) Hyphy (later) |
Occupation(s) | Rapper, record producer, screenwriter, film director |
Years active | 1984–2004 |
Labels | Thizz Entertainment |
Associated acts | Mac Mall |
Website | www.legendofthebay.com |
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Andre Louis Hicks (July 5, 1970 – November 1, 2004), better known by his stage nameMac Dre, was an American rapper, hip hoppioneer, and record producer based in Vallejo, California.[1][2] He was instrumental in the emergence of hyphy, a cultural movement in the Bay Areahip hop scene that emerged in the early 2000s.[3] Hicks is considered one of the movement's key pioneers that fueled its popularity into mainstream, releasing songs with fast-paced rhymes and basslines that inspired a new style of dance.[3] As the founder of the independent record label Thizz Entertainment, Hicks recorded dozens of albums and gave aspiring rappers an outlet to release albums locally.[4]
In 2004, Hicks was killed by an unknown assailant after a performance in Kansas City, Missouri,[5] a case that remains unsolved.[6]
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Early life and career[edit]
Andre Louis Hicks was born in Oakland, California on July 5, 1970 and moved to Vallejo area. He would frequent specifically, Country Club Crest neighborhood, known locally as The Crest. In 1989, the outgoing Hicks made waves with a cassette tape featuring the single, 'Too Hard for the F---in' Radio' while still a student at Vallejo's Hogan High School. NPR reflected on his sound in 2013 article as being 'fast and confident' further writing that 'he built upon the bouncy bass that had its roots in the funk era.'[7] When asked about his childhood, Hicks stated that 'Situations came out for the better most of them, I went through the little trials and the shit that I went through.'[8] Hicks first adopted the stage name MC Dre in 1984, but altered it to Mac Dre the following year because he considered the name sounded 'too East Coast-ish'.[9] Hicks recorded his first three EPs as Mac Dre between 1988 and 1992.[1]
Conviction[edit]
In the early 1990s, the city of Vallejo experienced a surge in bank robberies. Vallejo police began to focus on the Crest Neighborhood as the source with new found intensity. Hicks was vocal about the actions he saw being taken by the police and incorporated their aggressive surveillance of residents into his music. As gangster rap music consistently grew in popularity, law enforcement officials began to examine the lyrics of local rappers to utilize as evidence in criminal matters.[10]
/food-battle-the-game-download-free-mac-5073/. On March 26, 1992, at age 21, Hicks was invited by some of his friends to a road trip roughly 3 hours away to Fresno. Hicks had performed in the city two weeks prior and decided to go on the trip so that he could re-visit with a girl. While driving back to Vallejo the car was surrounded by the FBI along with Fresno and Vallejo police. The police stated that while Hicks was at a motel, his friends were allegedly casing a bank but had changed their mind when they saw a local Fresno TV News van in the bank's parking lot.[11]When questioned by the police, Hicks stated that he did not leave the hotel therefore did not know anything. The police subsequently charged him with conspiracy to commit robbery, although no bank robbery was conducted and Hicks was neither with his friends nor near the location of the purported bank.[12]He was sentenced to five years in federal prison after he refused a deal which included implicating his friends in a robbery that did not occur. The trial was later listed among Complex Magazine's 30 Biggest Criminal Trials in Rap History.[13] At the time of his conviction, Hicks owned the record label Romp Productions.[1] Hicks was released a year early from prison for good behavior on August 2, 1996, after serving four years.[1] It was during his time in prison, that Hicks developed a 'better appreciation for freedom, life, fun.'[14]
Post Prison Career[edit]
After his release, Hicks wanted to start doing music that was easy to dance to. He and long time friend and fellow rapper, Troy Reddick a/k/a Da'unda'Dogg decided try to do something different. The duo recorded several songs to pitch for the first time, to major record labels. One song in particular, was sent to various West Coast based representatives of the well known Oakland rapper, Too Short for an upcoming compilation, Nationwide: Independence Day but was not selected and it is unknown if the song ever made it to Too Short. In 2019, Grammy winning Atlanta rapper and multi-platinum producer, Lil Jon, with the blessing of Hicks's mother (Hicks was murdered in 2004), would incorporate the same vocals in the single 'Ain't No Tellin' and release thru Geffen Records.[15] Ironically, Lil Jon's 1998 debut to the Bay Area was thru a song on the same Too Short compilation. Reddick, in a statement to Complex Magazine stated 'Of all the vocals Jon got, he picked some from the record Dre wrote to be released by a major label, and 23 years later Lil Jon has completed his goal!' [15]
Hicks continued to release multiple albums independently until his untimely death in 2004 that were wildly popular. In 1998, Hicks relocated to Sacramento to distance himself from the stigma that developed in the eyes of Vallejo law enforcement and founded the a new label, Thizz Entertainment label(now managed by his mother).[14] In 2000, Hicks's change in sound became the lead in to a popular genre coined as the Hyphy Movement.[14]
Death[edit]
After Hicks and other Thizz Entertainment members had performed a show in Kansas City, Missouri on October 31, 2004, an unidentified gunman shot at the group's van as it traveled on U.S. Route 71 in the early morning hours of November 1. The van's driver crashed and called 9-1-1, but Hicks was pronounced dead at the scene from a bullet wound to the neck.[16]
He was buried at the Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland.[17]
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Discography[edit]
Studio albums[edit]
- Young Black Brotha (1993)
- Stupid Doo Doo Dumb (1998)
- Rapper Gone Bad (1999)
- Heart of a Gangsta, Mind of a Hustla, Tongue of a Pimp (2000)
- Mac Dre's the Name (2001)
- It's Not What You Say.. It's How You Say It (2001)
- Thizzelle Washington (2002)
- Al Boo Boo (2003)
- Ronald Dregan: Dreganomics (2004)
- The Genie of the Lamp (2004)
- The Game Is Thick, Vol. 2 (2004)
Posthumous studio albums[edit]
- Judge Dre Mathis (2005)
- Pill Clinton (2007)
- Dre Day: July 5th 1970 (2008)
Collaboration albums[edit]
- Supa Sig Tapeswith Little Bruce (1990)
- Turf Buccaneerswith Cutthroat Committee (2001)
- Money iz Motivewith Cutthroat Committee (2005)
- Da U.S. Openwith Mac Mall (2005)
- A Tale of Two Andreswith Andre Nickatina (2008)
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See also[edit]
References[edit]
Mac Dre Thizzelle Washington Download
- ^ abcd'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^sfbg. 'San Francisco Bay Guardian - News'. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
- ^ ab'An Oral History of Hyphy'. Complex. Retrieved 2019-02-08.
- ^Van Nguyen, Dean (June 2, 2014). 'Vallejo rapper Mac Dre pioneered the hyphy movement'. WaxPoetics. Wax Poetics, Inc. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
But no one touched the Bay area like Vallejo's Mac Dre. Responsible for recording dozens of records, unearthing new local talent, building a rap empire, and pioneering a whole new homegrown counterculture, Mac Dreezy changed the landscape of the Bay Area forever and earned legendary status among Bay Area locals.
- ^'Rapper Mac Dre Killed In Kansas City'. Billboard. Retrieved 2019-02-08.
- ^Gray, Madison (2011-09-13). 'Top 10 Unsolved Hip-Hop Murders'. Time. ISSN0040-781X. Retrieved 2019-02-08.
- ^Harmanci, Reyhan; Walter, Shoshana. 'Federal Drug Case Ensnares The Home of Hyphy'. NPR. National Public Radio. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ^530NorCal. 'Mac Dre - Ghetto Celebrities Pt. 2'. Youtube. Retrieved 2013-04-16.[better source needed]
- ^530NorCal2. 'Mac Dre - Ghetto Celebrities Pt. 1'. youtube. Retrieved 2013-04-16.[better source needed]
- ^Harmanci, Reyhan; Walter, Shoshana. 'Federal Drug Case Ensnares The Home Of Hyphy'. NPR. National Public Radio. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ^Billy, Jam. 'Hip-Hop History Tuesdays: Mac Dre Details Police Role In His 5 Year Prison Sentence: March 1996 Rare Radio Interview from Lompoc'. amoeba.com. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
- ^Billy, Jam. 'Hip-Hop History Tuesdays: Mac Dre Details Police Role In His 5 Year Prison Sentence: March 1996 Rare Radio Interview from Lompoc'. amoeba.com. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
- ^Drake, David; Insanul, Ahmed. 'The 30 Biggest Criminal Trials in Rap History'. Complex. Complex Magazine. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
- ^ abcHorowitz, Steven. 'An Oral History of Hyphy'. Complex. Complex Magazine. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
- ^ abShifferaw, Abel. 'Lil Jon Shares New Track 'Ain't No Tellin' Featuring Mac Dre'. Complex. Complex Magazine. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
- ^Bulwa, Demian (2011-06-24). 'Rapper Mac Dre slain in Kansas City'. SFGate. Retrieved 2 December 2011.
- ^'Andre Mac-Dre Hicks (1970 - 2004) - Find A Grave Memorial'. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
Thizz Entertainment | |
---|---|
Founded | 1999 |
Founder | Mac Dre |
Distributor(s) | City Hall RecordsRED Distribution[1] |
Genre | Westcoast hip hop, gangsta rap, hyphy |
Country of origin | United States |
Location | Vallejo, California, United States |
Official website | http://www.legendofthebay.com |
Thizz Entertainment is a San Francisco Bay Area-based, independent record label, started in 1999 by rapper and music producer Andre Hicks, who was professionally known as rapper Mac Dre. Best known as a poster child of the hyphy movement that swept through the Bay Area in the 1990s and early 2000s.
In 2004, Hicks was murdered by an unknown assailant while traveling after a performance in Kansas City, Missouri.[2] Upon Hicks's death and at his written direction, his mother, Wanda Salvatto, (affectionally known as 'Mac Wanda') became owner and CEO.
There are no artists signed to the label and the company's primary focus is to manage Mac Dre's expansive music catalog of over 25 albums, preserve his legacy, and to hold artistic events to honor his memory.[3]
Background[edit]
Mac Dre was a rapper of many monikers, a natural comedian with an incredible work ethic, and an artist who forever changed the course of Bay Area hip-hop. From recording verses through a phone while serving time for a robbery charge to bringing phrases like 'thizz,' 'go dumb,' and 'ghost ride the whip' into the lexicon, Dre left an indelible mark on his community during his short but prolific lifetime. 'It was always just great energy,' friend and fellow rapper Mistah F.A.B. says of his performances. 'You felt like when you left the show, you left Mardi Gras. That's just how dope he was.'[4]
In 1999, Hicks had relocated to Sacramento and founded Thizz Entertainment.
Music[edit]
1999-2004[edit]
From its creation, the label, has been fundamental in the growth and popularity of the Bay AreaHyphy movement. Mac Dre's most popular albums including, Ronald Dregan: Dreganomics, The Genie of the Lamp, Thizzelle Washington, Mac Dre's the Name, were released under the label and distributed locally in partnership with City Hall Records in San Rafael.
2004 - Present[edit]
Dedicated to protecting the works and legacy of Mac Dre, the label does not sign recording artists. Rappers and musicians that were previously associated with Mac Dre and his labels, and are still active in music, continue to support the label's efforts by promoting the brand within their own endeavors, paying homage by adding a 'Thizz' prefix to their own label or production company. However, outside of this small and exclusive group, 'Many in the rap game attach themselves to the term “thizz” to make a name for themselves and ride Mac Dre's coattails' said Black Dog Bone, editor of Vallejo-based Murder Dog magazine, which chronicles the rap scene.[3]
The label, unaware of how frequently rappers and others were self associating themselves the label was shocked to learn in April 2012, eight years after Hicks's death, Thizz Entertainment was named by US Drug Enforcement agents in connection with the mass arrest of 25 individuals in Vallejo, Stockton, Fairfield, Oakland, Los Angeles, New York, and Oklahoma City. Several that were arrested had falsely purported publicly to be signed and/or otherwise a part of the label.[5]
As of 2018, Former Thizz Entertainment artists continue to support and assist Salvatto in curtailing flagrant misuse or misrepresentation of affiliation to the current label or Mac Dre's brand by unauthorized third parties which is an on-going effort.
Annual Events[edit]
Ten years after his death, his mother was still receiving an excess of requests, comments, letters from young people, with stories of how Mac Dre affected them or got them through tough times in their young lives. “I didn't realize how big his presence was in the Bay Area and actually across the United States ” stated Salvatto.[6] She wanted to give young artists a chance who may not otherwise have an opportunity to showcase their talent.[6]
Dre Area: The Mac Dre Art Show[edit]
In 2015, the label began to host an annual Dre Area:The Mac Dre Art Show in Oakland. The event showcases art pieces by various artists nationwide that are inspired by Mac Dre legacy.[7][8]
Mac Dre Day[edit]
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In 2018, the label held its 3rd annual Mac Dre Day in San Francisco at The Regency Ballroom on July 5, what would have been Mac Dre's 48th birthday.[6] “One of the reasons it's important” for the event to happen “is that he had an impact on young people in the Bay Area,” said Mac Wanda, going by the name because “that's what the kids call me.”[6] The event was hosted by rapper Mally Mall and San Francisco radio station KMEL's DJ Amen and featured performances by Tyga, Nef The Pharaoh, Mistah F.A.B., Philthy Rich, Coolio Da Unda Dogg, Baby Bash more, including several known rappers from the bay area that Mac Dre would frequently collaborate on songs over the years.[6] There has been no incidents of negative occurrence at the events with Salvatto stating that she thinks fans understand that the show's organizer is his mother.[9]
Other Media[edit]
Thizz Entertainment created the DVD series Treal TV
In 2014, veteran actor, Tray Chaney, best known on the popular HBO drama series, The Wire, announced that he has been selected to produce as star in two upcoming Mac Dre films in partnership with Thizz Entertainment.[10]
Inspired by the rapper Drake after he spoke to Salvatto on how much Mac Dre impacted his life and career, in 2015, Thizz Entertainment released the documentary, Legend of the Bay, narrated by rapper and journalist Sway Calloway.[11] The documentary details the Bay Area legend's life and includes never-before-seen concert footage, home movies, exclusive interviews with Mac Dre's friends, family, and music artists such as Wiz Khalifa, Tech N9ne, and Warren G.
Mac Drea
References[edit]
Mac Dre Not My Job Download
- ^Mike Demmers. 'Cityhall'. City Hall Records. Retrieved 2016-04-08.
- ^'Rapper Mac Dre Killed In Kansas City'. Billboard. Retrieved 2019-03-16.
- ^ ab'Mac Dre's mother distances her son's label Thizz Entertainment from drug probe'. The Mercury News. 2012-04-25. Retrieved 2019-03-16.
- ^Ruskin, Zack. 'Boss Tycoon: The Enduring Legacy of Mac Dre'. SF Weekly. Retrieved 2019-03-16.
- ^'Two More Guilty Pleas Entered In Vallejo-Based Drug Trafficking Indictments'. www.justice.gov. 2015-04-08. Retrieved 2019-03-16.
- ^ abcde'Third Annual 'Mac Dre Day' July 5 in San Francisco'. Times-Herald. 2018-06-08. Retrieved 2019-03-16.
- ^'Feelin' Like Yeeee: Oakland Art Show Honors Mac Dre'. KQED. 2015-04-21. Retrieved 2019-03-16.
- ^'Mac Dre-Inspired Art To Go On Display In Oakland'. HipHopDX. 2015-04-23. Retrieved 2019-03-16.
- ^'June 14 A&E Source: Mac Dre's mom happy with rapper's posthumous popularity'. Times-Herald. 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2019-03-16.
- ^'EXCLUSIVE: 'Mac Wanda' Salvatto Discusses Upcoming Mac Dre Movie'. AllHipHop.com. Retrieved 2019-03-16.
- ^'Mac Dre: Legend of the Bay'. Legendofthebay.com. Retrieved 2016-04-08.